Saturday 23 January 2010

One less comet in our solar system...

These images taken by the NASA/ESA SOHO solar observatory on 20-21 January 2010 show a comet falling towards the Sun (from the bottom left).

As you can see, the comet does not come out the other side, so... bye bye comet! It must have been vaporised by the Sun!

Comets fall towards the Sun frequently (in fact, SOHO has seen over 1600!), but it's always fun to guess if the comet will survive and come out the other side, or just be so close that they are vaporised by the Sun!

The Lasco C3 instrument on board SOHO works by hiding the incredibly bright Sun with a disk (the silhouette of the disk is at the centre, and the arm that holds it in place goes off towards the top right). This allows the camera to see the fainter gas being ejected by the Sun, without the bright Sun damaging the camera.

However, even the planet Venus (bottom left of centre) is too bright for the camera! Venus is so bright, that it fills that part of the digital camera chip with electronic charge, and that charge spills over to the neighbouring pixels forming the long horizontal line. (in fact, my pocket digital camera does axactly the same if I point it at the sun)

Note also that there is a lot of noise on the movie. That is due to cosmic rays hitting the Lasco C3 camera - it's a harsh place is space, and there is no atmosphere to protect SOHO from the cosmic rays.

Oh, and why blue? Well, why not! Each camera on-board SOHO is colour-coded with a different colour, so astronomers immediately know what camera took the image.

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